, 장명진2
, 이나현3
, Myung Jin Jang2
, NaHyun Lee3
1동국대학교 WISE캠퍼스 간호대학 간호학과
2가천대 길병원 권역외상센터
3강북삼성병원 간호본부
1Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Dongguk University-WISE, Gyeongju, South Korea
2Regional Trauma Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
3Department of Nursing, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
© 2026 Korean Society of Nursing Science
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.
Conflicts of Interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Acknowledgements
None.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Data Sharing Statement
Please contact the corresponding author for data availability.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: TYY. Data curation: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Final approval of the manuscript: all authors. Formal analysis: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Funding acquisition: none. Investigation: NHL, TYY. Methodology: TYY. Project administration: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Resources: TYY, NHL. Software: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Supervision: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Validation: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Visualization: TYY, MJJ, NHL. Writing–original draft: TYY, NHL. Writing–review & editing: TYY, MJJ, NHL.
| Domain | Example main question | Example probing question |
|---|---|---|
| Initial perceptions of the policy | Please tell me about your first encounter with the 98-item expanded scope-of-practice policy after the medical residents’ resignation in 2024. | What were your initial thoughts or feelings when you first learned about the policy? |
| Experience of policy implementation in practice | How did you experience the implementation of the expanded scope-of-practice policy in clinical practice? | In what ways, if any, did your work change after the policy was introduced? |
| Memorable episodes related to expanded tasks | Please describe a specific situation or episode related to the expanded tasks that stands out to you. | What happened in that situation, and how did you respond? |
| Meaning-making and emotional responses | What did these experiences mean to you personally and professionally? | What emotions did you experience, such as burden, anxiety, relief, or a sense of achievement, and why? |
| Role change and professional identity | How did performing the expanded tasks influence your perception of your role or professional identity as a clinical support nurse? | Were there moments when you felt your role was either more recognized or more ambiguous than before? |
| Responsibility, role boundaries, and patient safety | What concerns or difficulties did you experience regarding responsibility, legal protection, role boundaries, or patient safety while performing the expanded tasks? | Can you recall a situation in which the boundaries of your responsibility felt unclear? |
| Education and support needs | What kinds of education, training, or institutional support did you think were needed to perform the expanded tasks safely? | What kind of preparation would have helped you feel more confident or better supported? |
| Sustainability and improvement of the policy | In your view, what conditions are necessary for this policy to operate safely and sustainably in the future? | What should be improved at the institutional or policy level? |
| No. | Age (yr) | Gender | Education level | Physician assistant experience (mo) | Total nursing experience (mo) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 32 | Men | Bachelor’s degree | 16 | 84 |
| 2 | 28 | Men | Bachelor’s degree | 16 | 43 |
| 3 | 35 | Women | Master's degree | 24 | 120 |
| 4 | 31 | Women | Bachelor’s degree | 54 | 102 |
| 5 | 32 | Women | Bachelor’s degree | 18 | 102 |
| 6 | 32 | Men | Master's degree | 60 | 91 |
| 7 | 32 | Women | Bachelor’s degree | 12 | 108 |
| 8 | 35 | Women | Bachelor’s degree | 26 | 113 |
| 9 | 35 | Men | Bachelor’s degree | 108 | 120 |
| 10 | 33 | Men | Bachelor’s degree | 26 | 92 |
| 11 | 36 | Men | Bachelor’s degree | 96 | 132 |
| 12 | 39 | Women | Bachelor’s degree | 20 | 120 |
| 13 | 35 | Women | Master's degree | 19 | 126 |
| 14 | 34 | Women | Master's degree | 54 | 74 |
| Emergent themes | Theme clusters |
|---|---|
| Multifaceted perceptions of the 98-item scope-of-practice policy | 1. Relief over the formalization of previously informal duties |
| 2. Concerns arising from insufficient information, inclusion of other professions’ tasks, and ambiguity in policy items | |
| Gaps in the current education system and calls for structured training | 1. Limitations and problems of the current education system |
| 2. Specific needs and recommendations for structured education | |
| Ambivalent experiences in the process of policy implementation | 1. Recognizing professional competence and role identity through expanded role performance |
| 2. Identity instability and anxiety about responsibility boundaries in the “gray zone” | |
| Conditional acceptance of the policy’s sustainability and calls for improvement | 1. Institutional protection and compensation systems for safe practice |
| 2. Calls for policy improvement through participation in policy processes and professional autonomy |
