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Effects of Nursing Interventions for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Patients: A Meta-analysis
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Yoon Lee Kim, Seok Hee Jeong
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):469-482. Published online August 31, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.469
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 Abstract
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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify which nursing interventions are the most effective in fall prevention for hospitalized patients.
Methods
From 3,675 papers searched, 34 were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Number of fallers, falls, falls per 1,000 hospital-days, and injurious falls, fall protection activity, knowledge related to falls, and self-efficacy about falls were evaluated as outcome variables. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta Analysis (CMA) 2.2 Version program and the effect sizes were shown as the Odd Ratio (OR) and Hedges's g.
Results
Overall effect size of nursing interventions for fall prevention was OR=0.64 (95% CI: 0.57~0.73, p <.05) and Hedges's g= - 0.24. The effect sizes (OR) of each intervention ranged from 0.34 to 0.93, and the most effective nursing intervention was the education & environment intervention (OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.28~0.42, p <.001), followed by education intervention (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.50~0.67, p =.001). Subgroup analyses showed that multifaceted interventions (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.73~0.79, p <.001) were more effective than unifactorial interventions, and that activities for prevention of falls (OR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05~0.15, p <.001) showed the largest effect size among outcome variables.
Conclusion
Falls in hospitalized patients can be effectively prevented using the nursing interventions identified in this study. These findings provide scientific evidence for developing and using effective nursing interventions to improve the safety of hospitalized patients.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Characteristics and Effects of Fall Prevention Interventions among the Korean Older Adults: A Systematic Review
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(2): 203. CrossRef - Use of the Nursing Outcomes Classification for Falls and Fall Prevention by Nurses in South Korea
Eunjoo Lee
International Journal of Nursing Knowledge.2019; 30(1): 28. CrossRef - Development and Validation of the Self-Awareness of Falls in Elderly Scale Among Elderly Inpatients
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Clinical Nursing Research.2018; 27(1): 105. CrossRef - The effectiveness of intervention programs for preventing patients from falls
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Kontakt.2017; 19(2): e105. CrossRef - Effect of Strength Exercise on Patient Fall Prevention Program: Focusing on the Fall High Risk Group Elderly Patients
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Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2017; 42(4): 338. CrossRef - The Effect of Pediatric Inpatient Fall Prevention Education on Caregivers' Fall-related Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors
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Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2017; 23(4): 398. CrossRef
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