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Development of the Hospital Nurses’ Silence Behavior Scale
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Soojin Chung, Jee-In Hwang
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(2):279-295. Published online May 31, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23138
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 Abstract
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- Purpose
This study aimed to develop a scale to measure hospital nurses’ silence behavior and examine its validity and reliability.
Methods
A total of 52 preliminary items on hospital nurses’ silence behavior were selected using a content validity test by seven experts on 53 candidate items derived from a literature review and in-depth interviews with 14 nurses. A total of 405 hospital nurses participated in a psychometric testing. Data analysis comprised item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and convergent and discriminant validity tests. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for assessing concurrent validity, and Cronbach’s alpha was used for the reliability test.
Results
The final scale consisted of nine factors with 31 items, exhibiting acceptable model fit indices, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The score of the entire scale was positively correlated with the ‘Organizational Silence Scale (OSS)-the issues on which nurses remain silent’ (r = .60, p < .001) and ‘OSS-the reasons why nurses remain silent’ (r = .68, p < .001). Cronbach’s α of the scale was .92, and α of each subscale ranged from .71 to .90.
Conclusion
The Hospital Nurses’ Silence Behavior Scale is a useful tool for assessing multifaceted silence behavior among nurses. It can provide basic data for developing better communication strategies among nurses and other hospital staff.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Mediating effect of grit on the influence of nurses’ silence behavior on medication safety competence: a cross-sectional study
Haengsuk Kim, Wanju Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 81. CrossRef - Mediating Effect of Emotional Labour on the Role Pressure and Silence Behaviour of Nurses
Lianci He, Jianhua Liu, Rong Sun, Yuan Deng, Ling Tang, Shaochuan Chen
Evaluation & the Health Professions.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Influence of Clinical Nurses’ Organizational Silence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment Moderated by Organizational Justice
Shin Ae Hwang, Haeyoung Min
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 416. CrossRef - Psychometric evaluation and translation of the Persian version of the Organizational Silence Behavior Scale (OSBS-P) for clinical nurses
Alireza Mirzaei, Mobina Jamshidinia, Mehrzad Aghabarari, Pouya Dolat Abadi, Reza Nemati-Vakilabad, Ehsan Namaziandost
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0314155. CrossRef
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