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				Development and Validation of the Self-Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention Scale in the Community Dwelling Elderly with Risk of Dysphasia														
			
			Eun Young Yang, Shin-Young Lee			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):474-486.   Published online June 30, 2020			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20041
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDFPurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Korean version of the Self-Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention(SCAPP-K) scale in older adults at risk of dysphasia.
 Methods
 The Hertz and Baas model of scale development and validation was used. Inthe development stage, items were generated via literature review and interviews with medical experts, older adults, and caregivers. Tenexperts assessed the items for content validity. Subsequently, 12 older adults participated in a pilot test to determine the comprehensibilityand appropriateness of the SCAPP-K scale. The validation stage involved a cross-sectional survey with 203 older adults for exploratoryfactor analysis (EFA) and 200 older adults for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and to determine convergent and discriminant validity. Totest the validity and reliability of the scale, EFA using principal component analysis with varimax rotation and CFA were conducted, andconvergent and discriminant validity as well as internal consistency reliability were determined.
 Results
 As a result of EFA, three self-carefactors (knowledge, resources, behaviors) with 21 items were validated. The CFA and convergent and discriminant validity indicated theapplicability of the three-factor self-care scale. The reliability of the SCAPP-K scale was acceptable, with Cronbach’s a=.87~.91.
 Conclusion
 The SCAPP-K scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can contribute to clinical practice, research, and education to improveself-care for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia in older adults at risk of dysphasia.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Cause-specific mortality in Korea during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemicJinwook Bahk, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
 Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022110.     CrossRef
Translation of the Chinese version of the Self‐Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention Scale and its validation among Chinese community dwelling elderly with risk of dysphasiaZhen Yang, Fengmin Chen, Yibo Zhang, Sien Pan, Yingying Lu, Huijun Zhang
 Nursing Open.2022; 9(3): 1902.     CrossRef
Development and validation of a self-care scale for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery: the HFS-SCEun-Jeong Jeon, Kyeong-Yae Sohng, Hye-Ah Yeom
 BMC Nursing.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Study on the characterization, biocompatibility and efficacy of sponge brush products for oral careSong-Yi Yang, Ji-Won Choi, Sang-Hwan Oh
 Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2021; 48(1): 27.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Cross-cultural Validation of Instruments Measuring Health Beliefs about Colorectal Cancer Screening among Korean Americans														
			
			Shin-Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(1):129-138.   Published online February 27, 2015			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.1.129
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to report the instrument modification and validation processes to make existing health belief model scales culturally appropriate for Korean Americans (KAs) regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization.Methods Instrument translation, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews were conducted during the instrument modification phase, and a pilot test and a cross-sectional survey were conducted during the instrument validation phase. Data analyses of the cross-sectional survey included internal consistency and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.Results The main issues identified during the instrument modification phase were (a) cultural and linguistic translation issues and (b) newly developed items reflecting Korean cultural barriers. Cross-sectional survey analyses during the instrument validation phase revealed that all scales demonstrate good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=.72~.88). Exploratory factor analysis showed that susceptibility and severity loaded on the same factor, which may indicate a threat variable. Items with low factor loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis may relate to (a) lack of knowledge about fecal occult blood testing and (b) multiple dimensions of the subscales.Conclusion Methodological, sequential processes of instrument modification and validation, including translation, individual interviews, expert reviews, pilot testing and a cross-sectional survey, were provided in this study. The findings indicate that existing instruments need to be examined for CRC screening research involving KAs.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Influencing factors of colonoscopy screening in first-degree relatives of hospitalized colorectal cancer patients and preliminary clinical practices to improve the complianceDongqin Zhao, Fan He, Chen Luo, Huanhuan Huang, Qinghua Zhao
 Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the health belief model scale for colorectal cancer screeningFerdane Koçoğlu, Mesut Teleş, Semra Kocaöz
 BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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 International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2023; 10(2): 251.     CrossRef
Perceived barriers and benefits in the participation in faecal occult blood test colorectal cancer screening programmeMartín Menéndez Rodríguez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella
 Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2023; 46(3): 185.     CrossRef
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 Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2023; 46(3): 185.     CrossRef
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Rawl’s questionnaire Spanish validation for colorectal cancer screening with faecal occult blood testingMartín Menéndez Rodríguez, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Natalia García Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Noel Pin Vieito, Pablo Vega Villaamil, Agustín Montes Martínez, Joaquín Cubiella
 Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2022; 45(2): 106.     CrossRef
Cross-Cultural Instrument Adaptation and Validation of Health Beliefs About Cancer ScreeningFang Lei, Wei-Ti Chen, Mary-Lynn Brecht, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Eunice Lee
 Cancer Nursing.2022; 45(5): 387.     CrossRef
Effect of Health Belief Model on the Participation in FOBT CRC Screening Programme: Case/Control StudyMartín Menéndez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella
 SSRN Electronic Journal .2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Cross-Cultural Modification Strategies for Instruments Measuring Health Beliefs About Cancer Screening: Systematic ReviewFang Lei, Eunice Lee
 JMIR Cancer.2021; 7(4): e28393.     CrossRef
Adaptation and validation of the health belief model scale for colorectal cancer screeningShin‐Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee, Young Sun Rhee, Eun Young Yang, Jeong Ha Shin, Seonah Lee
 Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(2): 355.     CrossRef
Enriching the quality of cross‐cultural instrument development through cognitive interviewing: Implications for nursing researchMin Kyeong Jang, Sue Kim, Eileen G. Collins, Lauretta T. Quinn, Chang G. Park, Carol E. Ferrans
 Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Validation of Family Management Measure for the Brazilian cultureRegina Szylit Bousso, Carolliny Rossi de Faria Ichikawa, Maira Deguer Misko, Maiara Rodrigues dos Santos, Michelle Freire Baliza, Ana Márcia Chiaradia Mendes-Castillo, Estela Regina Ferraz Bianchi
 Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2017; 70(6): 1151.     CrossRef
 
		
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