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				The Effects of a Health Mentoring Program in Community-dwelling Vulnerable Elderly Individuals with Diabetes														
			
			Ki wol Sung, Hye Seung Kang, Ji Ran Nam, Mi Kyung Park, Ji Hyeon Park			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(2):182-194.   Published online January 15, 2018			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.2.182
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDFAbstract
Purpose
This study aimed to estimate the effects of a health mentoring program on fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, physical activity, self care behavior and social support changes among community-dwelling vulnerable elderly individuals with diabetes.Methods A non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design was used. Participants were 70 community-dwelling vulnerable elderly individuals with diabetes. They were assigned to the experimental (n=30) or comparative (n=30) or control group (n=28). The experimental group participated in the health mentoring program, while the comparative group participated in health education program, the control group did not participate in any program. Data analyses involved a chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, a generalized linear model, and the Bonferroni correction, using SPSS 23.0.Results Compared to the control group, the experimental and comparative groups showed a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. Compared to the comparative and control groups, the experimental group showed significant improvement in self care behavior. However, there were no statistical differences in physical activity or social support among the three groups.Conclusion These findings indicate that the health mentoring program is an effective intervention for community-dwelling vulnerable elderly individuals with diabetes. This program can be used as an efficient strategy for diabetes self-management within this population.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   The Moderating Effect of Social Networks on Health-Promoting Behaviors Among Korean Older AdultsHyewon Shin, William N. Dudley, Minjoo Hong, Jennie C. De Gagne
 Sage Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
The Association between the Low-density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol to High-density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratio and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults: A Secondary Data Analysis Using a Community-based Cohort Study in Korea Bo-Kyoung Cha
 Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(1): 66.     CrossRef
Story Telling Problem Based Learning (ST-PBL): A Program for Rural Elderly with Chronic DiseasesJeong-Hyeon Kong, Eun-Young Jung, Ji-Hye Seo, Jeong-Ja Im
 Journal of Problem-Based Learning.2022; 9(1): 37.     CrossRef
Effects of a Physical Exercise Program on Physiological, Psychological, and Physical Function of Older Adults in Rural AreasSunmi Kim, Eun-Jee Lee, Hyeon-Ok Kim
 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(16): 8487.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Self-Care Behaviors and Depressive Symptoms of Low-Income Elderly Women with Hypertension														
			
			Ki Wol Sung, Mi Han Kim			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;38(4):593-602.   Published online August 31, 2008			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.4.593
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to compare self-care behaviors and depressive symptoms between the young old (65-74 yr) and the old-old (75-84 yr) in low-income women with hypertension.Methods This study used a descriptive research design. The subjects of this study were 136 elderly women over 65 yr living in D city. Data was collected from September to December 2007 through personal interviews using a questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 Program.Results Self-care behaviors, functional status, and number of medications showed a significant difference between young elderly and middle elderly. There was a negative correlation between self-care behaviors and depressive symptoms. 52.2% of variance in self-care behaviors of young elderly and 76.8% of variance in self-care behaviors of middle elderly were explained by depressive symptoms, number of medications, and functional status.Conclusion It is necessary to manage depressive symptoms to improve the self-care behaviors of low-income elderly with hypertension. Depressive symptoms need to be considered in planning hypertension programs for low-income elderly women.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Psychometric Validation and Setting Cutoff Point for the Persian Version of Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) Among Older AdultsMohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi, Mohammad Hossein Kaveh, Ebrahim Nazari Far, Abdolrahim Asadollahi, Elsa Vitale, Mohammad Parvaresh-Masoud
 Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Cardiac Rehabilitation Using the Family-Centered Empowerment Model is Effective in Improving Long-term Mortality in Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A 10-year Follow-Up Randomized Clinical TrialAmir Vahedian-Azimi, Mohammad Javad Sanjari, Farshid Rahimi-Bashar, Keivan Gohari-Mogadam, Ayoub Ouahrani, Emad Mraweh Mohammed Mustafa, Ali Ait Hssain, Amirhossein Sahebkar
 High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention.2024; 31(2): 189.     CrossRef
Hypertension self-care practice and its associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional studyDagmawi Teshome Tebelu, Tesfaye Assefa Tadesse, Mihiret Shawel Getahun, Yohannes Mekuria Negussie, Abenet Menene Gurara
 Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Self-care practices and associated factors among hypertension patients in public hospitals in Harari regional state and Dire Dawa City administration, Eastern Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional studyLemesa Abdisa, Bikila Balis, Kasiye Shiferaw, Adera Debella, Habtamu Bekele, Sagni Girma, Ayalnesh Mechal, Eldana Amare, Temesgen Kechine, Kajela Tari, Kabtamu Nigussie, Nega Assefa, Shiferaw Letta
 Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Utilisation of self‐care products and practices and its associated factors among stroke survivorsDavid Sibbritt, Amie Steel, Wenbo Peng, Jon Adams
 International Journal of Clinical Practice.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effects of Self-Efficacy, Depression, and Anger on Health-Promoting Behaviors of Korean Elderly Women with HypertensionAe Sil Kim, Mi Heui Jang, Kyung Hwan Park, Ji Young Min
 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(17): 6296.     CrossRef
Factors affecting self‐care in elderly patients with hypertension in KoreaAe Kyung Chang, Eun Ju Lee
 International Journal of Nursing Practice.2015; 21(5): 584.     CrossRef
Predictors of Self-care Behaviors among Elderly with Hypertension using Quantile Regression MethodEun Ju Lee, Euna Park
 Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(3): 273.     CrossRef
Effects of the Laughter Therapy on Blood Pressure, Depression and Quality of life in Rural Elderly WomenHae-Kyung Lee, Do-Hwa Byeon, Yang-Sook Park, Jin-Soon Kim, Jung-Hee Gil
 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2013; 14(4): 1810.     CrossRef
Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Psychological Health of Korean Older Adults with Hypertension: Effect of an Empowerment InterventionAe Kyung Chang, Cynthia Fritschi, Mi Ja Kim
 Research in Gerontological Nursing.2013; 6(2): 81.     CrossRef
Nutritional Risk, Perceived Health Status, and Depression of the Young-Old and the Old-Old in Low-Income Elderly WomenMyung-Suk Lee
 Journal of agricultural medicine and community health.2012; 37(1): 12.     CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of Functional Group Activity Program on Institutionalized AgedYo-Soon Bang, Hee-Young Kim
 Journal of muscle and joint health.2011; 18(1): 83.     CrossRef
Effects of Music Therapy and Rhythmic Exercise on Quality of Life, Blood Pressure and Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Institution-Dwelling Elderly WomenEun Young Jeon, Sook Young Kim, Hyun Suk Yoo
 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(6): 829.     CrossRef
Depressive Symptoms and Related Risk Factors in Old and Oldest-old Elderly People with ArthritisJi-Yeon An, Young-Ran Tak
 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(1): 72.     CrossRef
 
		
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				The Effect of a Health Maintenance Program on Physical Function and Mental Health of the Elderly in Nursing Homes														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):478-489.   Published online March 28, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.478
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a Health Maintenance Program on physical functions and mental health of the elderly in nursing homes.Method Sixty elderly(over 65 years old) in a randomized control study participated in a 16-week group-based intervention including functional exercises and health education. The participants were divided into 3 groups(Health Maintenance Program Group, Supportive Music Exercise Group, and Control Group) of 20 elderly each. Data was collected from Dec. 1st, 2005 to Mar. 30th, 2006. Physical function of lower body strength was assessed using a 30-second chair test, flexibility was assessed using a sit-and-reach test, and static balance was assessed by the ability to balance on one leg with open and closed eyes. Depression was assessed using the Korean Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale and self esteem was assessed using Rosenberg's Self Esteem Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA, and Repeated measure two factor analysis.Results A Health Maintenance Program significantly increased muscle strength, flexibility and static balance, but depression and self-esteem scores were not significantly changed.Conclusion Findings demonstrated that a Health Maintenance Program was more effective on physical function than mental health of the elderly in nursing homes.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Effects of an Active Music Therapy Program on Functional Fitness in Community Older AdultsShu-Ya CHAN, Chun-Fei CHEN
 Journal of Nursing Research.2020; 28(5): e111.     CrossRef
The Effects of Eccentric Muscle Contraction Program on Walking and Balance Ability of Children with Brain Lesion DisorderSang-Hyup Song
 The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2019; 21(1): 46.     CrossRef
Characteristics of nutrient intakes, basal physical fitness and serum markers in elderly women with osteopeniaJi Yeon Kim, Hyo Jin Kim, Jee Young Hong, Dong Ho Park, Chang Sun Kim
 Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry.2015; 19(3): 217.     CrossRef
Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Muscle Strength, Balance, Flexibility and Bone Mineral Density of Community Dwelling Elderly WomenHeeyoung So,  Kyungok Ju,  Insook Park,  Rhayun Song,  Hyunli Kim,  Sukhee Ahn
 Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(1): 105.     CrossRef
The Effects of Exercise in the Frail ElderlyYoung-Im Park, Kang-Yi Lee, Tae-Im Kim, Moung-Hee Jeon, Dong-Oak Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2012; 23(1): 91.     CrossRef
Factors related to the Quality of Sleep in the Elderly WomenYoung-Hee Kim, Jin-Sook Han
 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(10): 4467.     CrossRef
The Effects of BeHaS Exercise Program on Muscle Strength and Flexibility in Institutionalized EldersSun-Ae Kim
 Journal of muscle and joint health.2011; 18(1): 93.     CrossRef
Effect of Tai Chi Exercise on Loneliness, Sleep Pattern, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Elderly WomenYoung-Ju Park, In-Hyae Park
 Journal of muscle and joint health.2010; 17(2): 151.     CrossRef
Effects of Music Therapy and Rhythmic Exercise on Quality of Life, Blood Pressure and Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Institution-Dwelling Elderly WomenEun Young Jeon, Sook Young Kim, Hyun Suk Yoo
 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(6): 829.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Comparison of Health Conservation for Elders in Assisted Living Facilities and Nursing Homes														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(7):1379-1389.   Published online March 28, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.7.1379
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
  This study was performed to evaluate and compare health conservation and its related factors of elders in assisted living facilities or nursing homes.Methods Data for health conservation was collected from 316 elders in 10 institutions in Daegu city and Kyungpook province from February 1st to February 22nd, 2005. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, general health status, health conservation, functional health status (ADL, IADL) and depression (GDS-K) scales. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS (version 11.5) program including descriptive statistics, t-test, -test, Pearson's correlation and stepwise method regression analysis.Results The elders in assisted living facilities revealed lower scores in health conservation, ADL and IADL than the elders in nursing homes. Predictable variables influencing health conservation of the elders in assisted living facilities were depression and MAC (Mid-Arm Circumference) that is equal to .270, and the the elders in nursing home were depression, IADL, degree of sleep, and TSF (Triceps Skin Fold) that is equal to .409.Conclusions The development of a health conservation program and long-term health care service system for elders in assisted living facilities are needed than for the elders in nursing homes.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Subjectivity study on health conservation of elderly hemodialysis patientsEunji Yim, Mijin Yun, Sohyune Sok
 BMC Geriatrics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Mediating Effect of Depressive Symptoms in the Relationship Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Health Conservation in Community-Dwelling Vulnerable Diabetic Elderly PeopleSung Kiwol
 Journal of Hypertension and Cardiology.2016; 2(2): 01.     CrossRef
Influence of Frailty, Nutritional Status, Positive Thinking and Family Function on Health Conservation of the Elderly at HomeHae Kyung Chang
 Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(1): 52.     CrossRef
Uncertainty in Elderly Women with Osteoarthritis: Relationship to Pain, Self-care Agency and Health ConservationJiran Nam, Kiwol Sung
 Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2014; 16(3): 201.     CrossRef
Effects of Mindfulness Meditation Program on Sleep, Depression and Quality of Life in the Institutionalized Elderly WomenKyoung-Nam Kim, Hye-Gyeong Son, Hyun-Joo Park
 The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2014; 8(3): 157.     CrossRef
The Effect of Health Promotion Program for Frail Elderly Residents on Health Promoting Behavior and Health StatusSang Min Kwon, Jeong Sook Park
 Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(2): 194.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Scale Development on Health Conservation of the Institutionalized Elderly														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):113-124.   Published online March 28, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.113
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a health conservation scale with high validity and reliability for institutionalized elderly.Method The process of development of this scale was as follows. A conceptual framework composed of 4 phases of health conservation of institutionalized elderly was identified based on the literature review with elderlies and discussions with experts in health conservation. A total of 75 items, on a 4-point scale were developed. Through reliability testing and factor analysis, 57 preliminary items were selected. By means of internal consistency of the 57 items, 18 items whose inner-items correlation coefficient was below .40 were deleted. Through factor analysis, 2 items whose factor loading was below .40 were deleted. Finally 37 items remained. To verity the 37 items, factor analysis, reliability testing, and correlation was done. Data were collected from 207 institutionalized elderly subjects in Daegu, Kyungpook, Busan, and KyungNam Province from August. 2003 to February. 2004.Result In the result of factor analysis of the 37 items, 4 factors were extracted. These factors were labeled as ‘ personal integrity’, ‘ conservation of energy’, ‘ structural integrity’, and ‘ social integrity’. These factors included 4 phases of health conservation. Cronbach's Alpha of 37 the items was .9424 and the correlation coefficient of HPLP was .723.Conclusion The researchers recommend the following: An explorative study on the variables related to health conservation is needed for criterion validity of this scale. Studies on health conservation of different age groups, and subjects are needed for verification.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Factors affecting life satisfaction among retired older adultsMinkyung Gu, Jakyung Yu, Sohyune Sok
 Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Subjectivity study on health conservation of elderly hemodialysis patientsEunji Yim, Mijin Yun, Sohyune Sok
 BMC Geriatrics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Influences of Social Support, Self-esteem and Hope on Health Conservation of the Vulnerable Elderly with DiabetesKiwol Sung, Ji-Hyeon Park, Mi Kyung Park
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 386.     CrossRef
Effects of Peer Mentoring Program on the Health Conservation in Elderly Women with OsteoarthritisJiran Nam, Kiwol Sung
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(3): 227.     CrossRef
Effects of Health Status and Health Management on Activities of Daily Living among Urban-Dwelling Older KoreansMyung Sill Chung, Kyung-Choon Lim, Yeon Ha Kim
 The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2016; 22(1): 72.     CrossRef
The Effects of Elderly Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Self-care Behavior and Health Conservation on Cardiovascular Risk FactorsKiwol Sung
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2015; 26(2): 150.     CrossRef
Influence of Frailty, Nutritional Status, Positive Thinking and Family Function on Health Conservation of the Elderly at HomeHae Kyung Chang
 Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(1): 52.     CrossRef
Factors Affecting Highly Educated Elders' Diabetic Health Leader AttitudeKiwol Sung, Jiran Nam, Mijin Yu
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(2): 119.     CrossRef
Pain, Wisdom and Health Conservation in Older Adults with Chronic DiseasesKiwol Sung
 Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2014; 16(1): 85.     CrossRef
Uncertainty in Elderly Women with Osteoarthritis: Relationship to Pain, Self-care Agency and Health ConservationJiran Nam, Kiwol Sung
 Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2014; 16(3): 201.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Influencing Variables on Life Satisfaction of Korean Elders in Institutions														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(8):1093-1100.   Published online March 28, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.8.1093
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
  The number of elders in institutions has increased as family supporting systems have changed in Korea. The purpose of this study were to understand the life satisfaction among elders in institutions and to identify the factors influencing on life satisfaction.Methods The instruments used were Yun(1982)'s scale modified Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale for Happiness(MUNSH) in life satisfaction, ADL and IADL in activity level, Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) in depression and Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire(NSSQ) scale in social support. Also, Perceived health status was measured by Visual Graphic Rating Scale. The subject of this study is 107 cognitively intact and ambulatory elders in 7 institutions in Daegu city and Kyungpook province. The data have been collected from May 1 to June 30, 2001. For the analysis of collected data, frequency analysis, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis by SPSSwin(version 9.0) program.Results Life satisfaction for the elders in institutions showed negative correlation with SDS, and positive correlation with activity level. The regression form of the stepwise multiple regression analysis to investigate the influencing factors of life satisfaction for the elders in institutions was expressed by y = 90.988-0.733x1-0.188x2-0.069x3-0.565x4 (x1: SDS x2: Social support x3: Activity level x4: Monthly pocket Money) and 57.9% of varience in life satisfaction was explained by the model.Conclusion The factors influencing on life satisfaction among the elders in institutions were SDS, social support, activity level and monthly pocket money. According to the results of this study, depression, social support and activity level are considered the prime causal factors for life satisfaction.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   The Effect of Teachers' Person-Organization Fit on Work-Family Conflict and Life SatisfactionAli Akkuş, Mustafa Kaya, Arife Çelik
 Disiplinlerarası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi.2025; 9(20): 204.     CrossRef
SİVİL HAVACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE ÇALIŞANLARIN İŞ MEMNUNİYET DÜZEYLERİNİN YAŞAM DOYUMUNA ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİÖzgül YÜKSEKBİLGİLİ
 Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi.2022; 24(4): 1822.     CrossRef
Correlating Post-disaster Support Network Density with Reciprocal Support Relation Satisfaction: An Elderly Cohort Within One Year of the 2011 Japan DisastersAdam Jon Lebowitz, Shinji Sato, Miyuki Aiba
 Population Research and Policy Review.2018; 37(6): 923.     CrossRef
Relational Satisfaction from Providing and Receiving Support is Associated with Reduced Post-Disaster Depression: Data From Within One Year of the 2011 Japan Triple DisasterAdam Jon Lebowitz
 Community Mental Health Journal.2017; 53(2): 202.     CrossRef
The Effect of the Preparation for Old Aged of the Past on the Life Satisfaction of the Elderly -Focused on the Mediating Effect of the Social Support and the Depression-Jeong, Il Young
 Locality and Globality: Korean Journal of Social Sciences.2015; 39(3): 161.     CrossRef
 
		
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				The Factors Influencing on Depression of Patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome														
			
			Ki Wol Sung, Im Hee Shin, Kyung Hee Lee			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(5):609-617.   Published online March 28, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.5.609
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
Purpose
  The purpose of this study is to understand the depression of patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome(FMS) and to identify the factors influencing depression.Method The instruments used here are Beck Depression Inventory in depression, the Korean Rheumatology Health Association' instruments in Self-Efficacy. Also, Pain and Fatigue was measured by Visual Graphic Rating Scale. The subject of study is 76 outpatients diagnosing FMS from rheumatism specialists at C hospital in D city. The data has been collected from Sep. lst to Sep. 30th in 2001. For the analysis of collected data, frequency analysis, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis with SAS statistical program.Result General characteristics showing statistically significant difference in depression were age, education, occupation, gender, exercise and sleep in the patients with FMS. Depression for the patients with FMS has negative correlation coefficients with Self-efficacy and ADL, and positive correlation coefficients with Pain and Fatigue. The suitable regression form resulting from the multiple regression analysis to investigate the influencing factors of depression for the partients with FMS was expressed by y = 50.067 - 0.278 χ1 + 1.320 χ2 ( χ1 : Self-Efficacy χ2 : Fatigue) and R2 = 0.427.Conclusion The factors influencing on depression of patients for FMS was Self-Efficacy, ADL, Pain, and Fatigue. Further study needs to be done identify methods of overcoming and presentation of depression in FMS. 
	
		
				
			
				A Comparative Study on Main Role, Professional Self Concept and Job Satisfaction of Public Health Nurses and Clinical Nurses														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(2):219-230.   Published online March 29, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.2.219
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDFPURPOSE: This study was aimed at comparing and evaluating one main role, the professional self concept and job satisfaction of public health nurses and clinical nurses.
 METHOD: The data was collected from 72 nurses in 8 health centers and 86 nurses in 5 hospitals in Daegu city and Kyungpook province from May 5th to June 5th, 2001. This study was interviewed by trained social workers. The origin of questionnaires used in this study were PSCNI(Professional Self-Concept of Nurses Instrument) to measure the professional self concept of nurses and JDI(Job Descriptive Index) to measure the job satisfaction of nurses. The data was analyzed by SAS(version 6.12) and statistical methods used were Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA(analysis of variables) and ANCOVA(analysis of covariate).
 RESULT: The findings of this study were as follows: 1. The most important domain in the main role of public health nurses were as counsellors, managers, mediators and evaluators. In clinical nurses, their main roles were, directors of nursing, researchers, spokesmans, and informers. 2. Public health nurses showed lower scores in the professional self concept of nurses than clinical nurses, what statistically significant tool was used to suggest this finding. 3. Public health nurses showed higher scores in job satisfaction than clinical nurses, but again, explain the tool used in these findings for give a rationals. 4. For public health nurses, general characteristics which affected professional self concept were age, educational level, and duration of job. In clinical nurses, the general characteristics which affected professional self concept were age, religion, marital status, and duration of job. 5. For public health nurses, there was no general characteristic which affected job satisfaction. In clinical nurses, the general characteristics which affected job satisfaction were age, religion, and duration of job.
 CONCLUSION: Nursing profession should give a training to competent nurses who can deliver high quality care to meet the needs of health consumers. The role of nurses has been expended and specialized as health conception has been changed in Korea.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Community-Based Oncology Nursing: Status and ProspectsJeong Sook Park
 Asian Oncology Nursing.2022; 22(4): 203.     CrossRef
Public Health Nurse's Perception of their Roles & DutiesYoung Ran Han, Bong Suk Lee, Bongjeong Kim
 Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(3): 526.     CrossRef
Professional Job Perception and Job Satisfaction, and Its Related Factors Among Medical Recorders Engaged in General HospitalsTaek-Soo Shin, Young-Chae Cho
 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(7): 4258.     CrossRef
The Correlation between Nursing Professional Values and Job Satisfaction Depending on the Types of Visiting Nurses' PersonalityHae In Park, Kyung Min Park, Kyung Hee Lee
 Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2012; 21(2): 77.     CrossRef
The Process of Nurses' Experience in Public Health Program PerformanceJeong-Soo Kim
 Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(4): 468.     CrossRef
 
		
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				A Comparative Study on Life Satisfaction between Older Population in Institutions and Homes														
			
			Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(7):1709-1717.   Published online March 29, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.7.1709
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
This research was performed to compare life satisfaction of the elderly in institutions and homes. The scores of life satisfaction were collected from 74 elders in 5 institutions and 71 elders at their homes in Daegu and Gyungbuk province during October 1st to December 1st, 1999. The results were summarized as follows:
1. The elders in institutions revealed lower scores in life satisfaction than the elders at homes, but not statistically significant.
2. In institutions, the general characteristics which affected life satisfaction was health status and monthly income. For elderly at home, the general characteristics which affected life satisfaction scores were  educational level and health status.
According to the result of this research, the health-care and economic support must be considered as main factors in the nursing strategy for the elders. 
The results should be considered carefully when applied to the entire older population because it was conducted on a segment of the elderly population in Korea. And various social activities and nursing programs for the aged are required.
 
	
		
				
			
				The Effect of Anticipated Variables on Hemodialysis Patient's Quality of Life														
			
			Kae Hwa Jo, Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(2):413-424.   Published online March 29, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.2.413
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of anticipated variables on hemodialysis that was impact patients' quality of life. 
The subjects of the study were 104 patients who were over 18 years old. They were enrolled at Kidney dialysis unit in General Hospital located in T and M city, Republic Korea. And the duration of treatment was more than 6 months. They all met the research criteria and agreed to participate in the research. The research instrument have 25 questionnaire which were originally Ferrans' (1985) instrument to measure the quality of life for hemodialysis patients and later changed by Lee, Suk-Ja into the 35 items after eliminating repeated contents, the Cronbach's alphain this study was .87. The stress instrument was measured by 36 items which were modified and supplemented the instrument developed by Kim, Yong-Kyong(15) for hemodialysis patients, and the Cronbach's alphawas .9333. Depression instrument was 20 questions modified BDI(Beck Depression Inventory) to meet hemodialysis patients' conditions, and Cronbach's alpha was .92. The period of collecting data was from March 6 to June 25, 1999 and the data was analyzed by SPSS/PC, and the statistical techniques were ANOVA(variables analysis), Scheffe test, Multiple Regression. 
The findings of this study were as follows: 
1. The effect of general characteristics on hemodialysis patients' quality of life, the characteristics showing a statistically, significant difference were the existence of an occupation(t=6.7353, P= .0109), marital status (F=4.3550, P= .0290), economic status (F=4.6475, P= .0118) and presence of care support (F=2..4738, P= .0494). 
2. The effect of general characteristics on the patient's stress, the characteristics showing a significant difference were gender (t= 4.1143, p= .0451), education level (F= 4.3550, p= .008), the existence of an occupation (t=8.7498, p= .0038), and presence of care support(F=3.1715, p= .0169). 
 3. The effects of general characteristics on depression, the characteristics were education level (F=3.7517, P= .0069), the existence of religion(t=9.4843, p= .0027), an occupation (t=15.3745, p= .0002), marital status (F=3.3400, P= .0223) and presence of care support (F=3.7605, p= .0069). 
4. The Multiple Regression is used to identify the effect of anticipated variables on the patient's quality of life. The variables were depression (T=-9.656, P=.000), marital status (T=-2.287, P=.0243) and the regression expression was Y=117.62053 - 1.13618X1 + 2.66213X2(X1: Depression, X2 : Marriage), The explanation of the total regression expression appeared to be 52.578%.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Factors Related to Suicidal Ideation of Kidney PatientsEun-mi Lee, Nam-Soo Hong, Su-Jin Lee
 Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2018; 43(3): 184.     CrossRef
Quality of Life and Influencing Factors related to the Health in Hemodialysis PatientsYoung-Mi Chun, Sang-Youn Park
 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(7): 4816.     CrossRef
Moderating Roles of Public Services in the Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients within the Context of Social SupportMi Kyung Kang, Sun Mi Kang, Soo Young Kim
 The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(11): 277.     CrossRef
 
		
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				Factor analysis of Presence														
			
			Kae Hwa Jo, Ki Wol Sung			
				Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(1):225-239.   Published online March 29, 2017			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.1.225
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDF
This study is a research of conceptual development to find the factors of presence. The concept and the 
definition of presence received from literary review. On the basis of these findings, we formulate the contents 
of presence through structured interview guide composed of open-ended questionnaire which included the 
frequency, attitude, and posture. We selected 104 samples who are the patients, doctors, nurses, and other 
health providers. And then the contents of presence were established after integrating the formulated 
contents and putting them in order. The categorizing of the presence was made after discussing with 
specialist in this field. By using the selected contents, we made 25 statements of presence which were 
categorized into three factors. 
The results were as follows: 
1. The definition of presence is being with at the same time and space, making attention with openness, 
and the therapeutic interaction with empathy. 
2. The contents of presence through personal interviews are
(1) The time required is 5 minutes(46.15%), 2-3 minutes(34.61%), and 10 minutes (15.38%) respectively. The 
frequency of visiting is 3 times(39.20%), every time(23.07%), and more than 5 times(20.19%) 
respectively.
(2) In case of being with nurse is having pain(39.42%), suffering trouble or severe fear(9.61%), feeling 
discomfort(8.65%), taking care of wound(7.69%), and other unfavorable symptoms(6.73%) respectively. 
(3) The posture being with nurse is depends on the situations(63.46%), sitting(26.92%), and standing(9.61%) 
respectively. Eye contact with nurse is face to face(78.84%), depends on the situations(20.19%), and not 
face to face(0.96%) respectively. 
(4) The attitudes of comfort are explaining about disease(23.07%), holding on hands (14.42%), touching on the 
suffering parts (11.53%), and unconditionally being with(7.69%) respectively. 
(5) Nurses' caring actions are kindness (27.88%), replying to the question (12.50%), smiling(10.57%), bright 
appearances (8.65%), and right and quick treatment(8.65%) respectively. 
(6) The effects of being with are peaceful mind(58.65%), quick recovery(13.46%), and decrease in fear(12.50%) 
respectively. 
(7) The attitudes of being with are listening (11.53%), recognition(8.65%), talking about discomfort(8.65%), 
and answering kindly (7.69%) respectively. 
3. From the analysis of presence factors, 25 statements and 3 categorized factors are presented.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Content Analysis of Nursing Communication in VOC (Voice of Customer) of the Hospital이정희,  임숙빈
 Health Communication, the Official Journal of Korean Academy on Communication in Healthcare.2014; 9(2): 119.     CrossRef
Effect of an End-of-Life Care Education Program Among Korean NursesKae-Hwa Jo, Ardith Z. Doorenbos, Gyeong Ju An
 Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing.2009; 11(4): 230.     CrossRef
Enhanced paclitaxel bioavailability after oral administration of pegylated paclitaxel prodrug for oral delivery in ratsJun- Shik Choi, Byung-Wok Jo
 International Journal of Pharmaceutics.2004; 280(1-2): 221.     CrossRef
 
		
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