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				Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue among Nurses Working Consecutive Night Shifts: A Prospective Observational Study														
			
			Ari Min, Jisu Seo, Minkyung Kang, Hye Chong Hong			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(2):139-150.   Published online May 31, 2024			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23164
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDFPurposeThis study aimed to identify changes in sleep patterns and fatigue levels during consecutive night shifts among shift nurses and to determine the association between sleep parameters and increased fatigue levels during work.
 Methods
 This prospective observational study employing ecological momentary assessments was conducted using data collected from 98 shift nurses working in Korean hospitals between June 2019 and February 2021. The sleep patterns were recorded using actigraphy. The participants reported their fatigue levels at the beginning and end of each night shift in real time via a mobile link. Linear mixed models were used for the analysis.
 Results
 Nurses spent significantly less time in bed and had shorter sleep durations during consecutive night shifts than on off-duty days, whereas their wake times after sleep onset were much longer on off-duty days than on on-duty days. Fatigue levels were higher on the second and third night-shift days than on the first night-shift days. A shorter time spent in bed and asleep was associated with a greater increase in fatigue levels at the end of the shift than at the beginning.
 Conclusion
 Nurses experience significant sleep deprivation during consecutive night shifts compared with off-duty days, and this sleep shortage is associated with a considerable increase in fatigue levels at the end of shifts. Nurse managers and administrators must ensure sufficient intershift recovery time during consecutive night shifts to increase the time spent in bed and sleeping.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Effectiveness of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in nurses with shift work sleep disorder: Results of a randomized controlled trialHanna A. Brückner, Johanna Ell, Lina Kalon, Jana Strahler, Antje Ducki, Dieter Riemann, Claudia Buntrock, Kai Spiegelhalder, Dirk Lehr
 International Journal of Nursing Studies.2025; 169: 105112.     CrossRef
Fatigue and coping strategies among Chinese night-shift nurses: a cross-sectional studyBin He, Yanle Zhang, Shengjun Qian, Qun Ye, Ying Ren, Zhan Wang
 BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Investigating the associations between weekend catch-up sleep and insulin resistance: NHANES cross-sectional studyXianling Liu, Aihui Chu, Xiahao Ding
 BMC Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
 
		
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				Effect of 2% Chlorhexidine Bathing on the Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Infection and Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis														
			
			Jisu Seo, Rhayun Song			
				J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(4):414-429.   Published online August 31, 2021			
									DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21046
							
							 
				
										
										 Abstract  PDFPurposeThis systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the effects of 2% chlorhexidine bathing on the incidence of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) in adult intensive care units.
 Methods
 PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane library, and RISS database were systematically searched, and 12 randomized studies were included in the analysis. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 was used to calculate the effect size using the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis was performed according to the specific infection and intervention types.
 Results
 In general, 2% chlorhexidine bathing has a significant effect on the incidence of HAI (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40~0.86) and MDRO (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34~0.79). Subgroup analyses show 2% chlorhexidine bathing is effective in bloodstream infections (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.39~0.66) but not for urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia infections, and Clostridium difficile infections. Moreover, 2% chlorhexidine bathing alone or its combination with other interventions has a significant effect on the incidence of HAI and MDRO (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38~0.92).
 Conclusion
 This meta-analysis reveals that 2% chlorhexidine bathing significantly reduces the incidence of HAI and MDRO in intensive care units. The effect of 2% chlorhexidine bathing on pediatric patients or patients at general wards should be further assessed as a cost-effective intervention for infection control.
					Citations Citations to this article as recorded by   Implementation of 2% Chlorhexidine Bathing to Reduce Healthcare-Associated Infections Among Patients in the Intensive Care UnitHsu-Liang Chang, Tzu-Ying Liu, Po-Shou Huang, Chin-Hwan Chen, Chia-Wen Yen, Hui-Zhu Chen, Shin-Huei Kuo, Tun-Chieh Chen, Shang-Yi Lin, Po-Liang Lu
 Microorganisms.2025; 13(1): 65.     CrossRef
Can chlorhexidine gluconate baths reduce fungal colonisation in intensive care unit patients?Teresa Nascimento, João Inácio, Daniela Guerreiro, Patrícia Patrício, Luís Proença, Cristina Toscano, Priscila Diaz, Helena Barroso
 Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Trends in central line-associated bloodstream infections in pediatric intensive care units: a single-center studyYu Gyoung Bak, Won Kyoung Jhang
 Archives of Pediatric Critical Care.2024; 2(2): 96.     CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Antibiotic Resistance Trends and Treatment Options for Hospital-Acquired Multidrug-Resistant InfectionsWalter Y Agyeman, Aakash Bisht, Ankit Gopinath, Ameer Haider Cheema, Keyur Chaludiya, Maham Khalid, Marcellina Nwosu, Srujana Konka, Safeera Khan
 Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
 
		
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