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Moderating Effect of General Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Pregnancy Stress, Daily Hassles Stress, and Preterm Birth Risk in Women Experiencing Preterm Labor: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Hyun-Jeong Cho, Jeung-Im Kim
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(3):329-339. Published online August 31, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24008
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 Abstract
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- Purpose
This study investigated the moderating role of general self-efficacy (GSE) on how stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle affect the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in women experiencing preterm labor.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 196 pregnant women experiencing preterm labor before 37 weeks of gestation. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and employed Hayes process macro version 4 (model 1) and hierarchical regression to analyze the moderating effect of GSE on the relationship between pregnancy stress, daily hassle stress, and PTB risk.
Results
Stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle was positively correlated to PTB risk (r = .54, p < .001; r = .25, p < .001, respectively). While GSE did not significantly correlate with pregnancy stress, it negatively correlated with daily hassle stress (r = - .19, p = .009). GSE significantly moderated the relationship between combined stressors and PTB risk. As GSE levels increased, escalation in PTB risk in response to increasing stress levels was a more pronounced, highlighting a complex interaction between higher GSE levels and response to escalating stress levels. This model accounted for 39.5% of the variance in the PTB risk.
Conclusion
Higher GSE may amplify the impact of stress on PTB risk, rather than mitigate it, which suggests a more nuanced role of GSE in the stress response of pregnant women at risk of preterm labor. GSE should be considered in care strategies, and managing its impact on stress perception and responses in pregnant women is crucial.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Pregnancy stress in women at high risk of preeclampsia with their anxiety, depression, self-management capacity: a cross-sectional study
Xing Cong, Jinmei Wang, Liu Yang, Lingling Cui, Yurong Hua, Ping Gong
Frontiers in Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Anxiety, Coping, and Self-Efficacy as a Psychological Adjustment in Mothers Who Have Experienced a Preterm Birth
Agata Białas, Karolina Kamecka, Paweł Rasmus, Dariusz Timler, Remigiusz Kozłowski, Anna Lipert
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(12): 4174. CrossRef - Associations Among Pregnancy Stress, Childbirth Confidence, and COVID-19 Infection Experience in Pregnant Women in the Early Third Trimester (28–32 Weeks)
Yun-Sun Yang, Jeung-Im Kim
Journal of Korean Maternal and Child Health.2025; 29(3): 147. CrossRef
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