Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Eun Nam Lee

16 Articles

A Prediction Model of Exercise Level in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Moon Ja Kim, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(2):157-172. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21238

Purpose
This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model to explain the predictive factors and causal pathways for exercise levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis based on the self-determination theory. A conceptual framework was constructed assuming that autonomy support by health care providers would satisfy the three basic psychological needs of patients, which would increase their autonomous motivation for exercise, resulting in its initiation and continuation.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 221 patients with ankylosing spondylitis who were visiting rheumatology clinics in two tertiary hospitals. Health Care Climate Questionnaire-exercise regularly, Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction scale, Behavior Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, and exercise level were used to collect data.
Results
The fitness of the hypothetical model met the recommended level (χ2/df ≤ 3, SRMR ≤ .08, RMSEA ≤ .08, GFI ≥ .90, AGFI ≥ .85, NFI ≥ .90, TLI ≥ .90, CFI ≥ .90). The model effect analysis revealed that autonomy support by health care providers had a positive effect on patients' autonomy, competence, relatedness, autonomous motivation, and exercise level. Competence and relatedness had positive effects on autonomous motivation and exercise level, respectively. Autonomous motivation had a positive effect on exercise level.
Conclusion
The predictive factors of exercise level in patients with ankylosing spondylitis were autonomous motivation, health care providers' autonomy support, competence, and relatedness. Considering these factors, we recommend the development of an effective program for improving exercise levels in these patients.

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A Structural Equation Model for Low Back Pain Management Behavior in Patients With Spinal Disease
Raewan Kim, Aekyung Kim
Pain Management Nursing.2025; 26(1): e107. CrossRef
Exercise and adults with hemophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Doo Young Kim, Mi Yang Jeon, Young Eun, Da In Jeong
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(1): 1. CrossRef

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Effects of a Cognitive Behavior Therapy Program for Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Kyoung Ran Kong, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):347-362. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21025

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study developed a cognitive behavioral therapy program aimed at altering the physical condition, emotions, and behaviors of fibromyalgia patients, and confirmed the program’s clinical applicability. The program was developed by analyzing previous studies conducting in-depth interviews with fibromyalgia patients, drawing on cognitive behavior theory to establish the program contents, recruiting experts to test its validity, and conducting a preliminary survey.
Methods
To confirm the program’s effect, this study used a randomized controlled trial design. The participants were outpatients diagnosed with fibromyalgia in Dong-A University Hospital, Busan. The 30 patients in the experimental group took part in the program, which comprised 8 sessions (90 to 120 minutes) based on cognitive behavior theory, delivered over 8 weeks. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
The analysis revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in positive automatic thoughts, pain, fatigue, depression, and interpersonal relationships. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of sleep disorders and negative automatic thoughts.
Conclusion
This program is a positive effect on physical condition, emotions, and behaviors. It is thus expected to be used to help fibromyalgia patients improve their disease conditions.

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Changes in Dental Caries Risk among Middle School Students Using an ICT-Based Caries Management Program
An-Na Yeo, Yu-Min Kang, Su-Young Lee
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2025; 25(1): 42. CrossRef
Effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the management of sleep problems in people with fibromyalgia: a multi-methods evidence synthesis
Mari Imamura, Clare Robertson, Jemma Hudson, Daniel Whibley, Lorna Aucott, Katie Gillies, Marcus Beasley, Martin J Stevens, Paul Manson, Debra Dulake, Abhishek Abhishek, Nicole KY Tang, Gary J Macfarlane, Miriam Brazzelli
Health Technology Assessment.2025; : 1. CrossRef
The Effect of Positive Psychotherapy on Pain Perception, Daily Functioning, and Mental Health in Patients With Fibromyalgia
Hamide Erol, Aysel Karaca
Pain Management Nursing.2025; 26(6): e550. CrossRef
How do people with fibromyalgia interpret ambiguous cues in empathy-related healthcare scenarios?
Maria Planes Alias, David J Moore, Nicholas Fallon, Katie Herron, Charlotte Krahé
The Journal of Pain.2025; : 106181. CrossRef
Effects of a Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Adolescents with Diabulimia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Hye-Ryeon Park, Hyeon Ok Ju
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 320. CrossRef
Proposal for a Cognitive Reconstruction Program for Female College Students Experiencing Body Dissatisfaction
Hyun Ju Lee, Helen Ha, Yuan Mei Cui, Jee Hyun Lee, Min Ju Kang
Human Ecology Research.2024; 62(2): 369. CrossRef

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A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Mind-Body Therapy on Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Eun Hui Choi, Moon Ja Kim, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):385-400. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19224

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Previous randomized controlled trials (RCT) found that mind-body therapy can improve the health outcomes of patients with irritablebowel syndrome (IBS). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the combined effects of mind-body therapy on patients’ IBSsymptoms, quality of life, anxiety, and depression.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using various databases such asPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL CENTRAL, DBpia, RISS, and KISS. The primary outcome variables were IBS symptoms and quality of life; the secondaryoutcome variables were anxiety and depression. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 was used to analyze the extracted data.The effect size was calculated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Eleven final RCTs wereused for this meta-analysis. Mind-body therapy was found to have a significant effect on the IBS patients’ symptoms (SMD, -0.63; 95% CI,-0.77 to -0.48), quality of life (SMD, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.66), anxiety (SMD, -0.28; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.09), and depression (SMD,-0.31; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.12).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis reveals that mind-body therapy significantly improves IBS patients’ symptoms,quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The results suggest that, in the future, appropriate mind-body therapy should be applied toKoreans suffering from IBS. Moreover, the therapy’s long-term effects should be assessed.

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Effects of walking exercise on cognitive and physical functions: meta-analysis of older adults
Mi Jin Lee, Hee Ju Ro, Jung Kee Choi, So Yeon Kim
Forest Science and Technology.2024; 20(2): 201. CrossRef
Effects of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sojeong Jo, Haejung Lee, Gaeun Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 311. CrossRef
The Effect of Laughter Therapy on Physical and Mental Health: Systematic Review
Elif ÜNER, Ayşe SEZER BALCI, Hasibe KADIOĞLU
Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi.2022; 4(3): 251. CrossRef
RESEARCH ARTICLE: Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback: Managing Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction by Improving Autonomic Homeostasis
Richard Gevirtz
Biofeedback.2022; 50(4): 100. CrossRef
Effects of Korean forest healing programs on stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
So-Yeon Kim, Jungkee Choi
Forest Science and Technology.2021; 17(4): 206. CrossRef

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Influencing Factors and Consequences of Near Miss Experience in Nurses’ Medication Error: Jin Hee Park, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(5):631-642. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.5.631

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to predict the influencing factors and the consequences of near miss in nurses’ medication error based upon Salazar & Primomo's ecological system theory.

Methods

A convenience sample of 198 nurses was recruited for the cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from July to September 2016. Using the collected data, the developed model was verified by structural equation modeling analysis using SPSS and AMOS program.

Results

For the fitness of the hypothetical model, the results showed that χ 2 (χ ²=258.50, p<.001) was not fit, but standardized χ ² (χ ²/df=2.35) was a good fit for this model. Additionally, absolute fit index RMR=.06, RMSEA=.08, GFI=.86, AGFI=.81 reached the recommended level, but the Incremental fit index TLI=.82, CFI=.85 was not enough to reach to the recommended level. With the path diagram of the hypothetical model, caution (β=-.29 p<.001), patient safety culture (β=-.20, p=.041), and work load (β=.18, p=.037) had a significant effect on the near miss experiences in nurses’ medication error, while fatigue (β=-.06, p=.575) did not affect it. Moreover, the near miss experience had a significant effect on work productivity (β=-.25, p=.001).

Conclusion

These results have shown that to decrease the near miss experience by nurses and increase their work productivity in hospital environments would require both personal and organizational effort.

Citations

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The effects of aroma inhalation on the quality of sleep, professional quality of life, and near-misses in medication errors among emergency room nurses on night duty in Korea: a randomized controlled trial
Jungha Son, Chul-Gyu Kim
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(1): 25. CrossRef
Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Communication Ability, Critical Reflection Competency, and Nursing Professional Self-efficacy on Medication Safety Competency
Seongyoun Jang, Sujin Shin
Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2025; 13(1): 43. CrossRef
The effect of a clinical decision-making program for preventing high-alert medication errors among intensive care unit nurses in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group design
Se Yeong Park, SoMi Park, Ga Young Kim, Seung Ah Hong, Hyang Ok Choi, Sunyoung Moon
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(3): 366. CrossRef
A comparative study of back pain, task-load and presenteeism in nursing homes
Hye Young Shim, Jin H. Park, Sook Hee Jeong
Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Nursing near miss: a concept analysis
Dan Zhou, Sisi Guo, Qin Tan, Xuerong Lin
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Association of Job Stress, Quality of Sleep, and the Experience of Near-Miss Errors among Nurses in General Hospitals
Seong-Kyeong Kwak, Jin-Soo Ahn, Yeon-Ha Kim
Healthcare.2024; 12(6): 699. CrossRef
Association between Nurses’ Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture, Willingness to Report Near Misses, Critical Thinking Disposition, and Nursing Care Activities for Patient Safety
Da Eun Lee, Bo Gyeong Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 283. CrossRef
The associations of psychological burnout and time factors on medication errors in rotating shift nurses in Korea: A cross sectional descriptive study
Cheongin Im, Suyoung Song, Kyoungja Kim
Nursing Open.2023; 10(8): 5550. CrossRef
Clinical nurses’ recovery experiences after adverse events in South Korea: A qualitative study
Hyoung Eun Chang, Haena Jang, Yong Ik Bak
Collegian.2022; 29(4): 456. CrossRef
Development and Validation of a Nursing Work Interruption Scale
Eun-Jeong Yu, Eun-Nam Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(20): 13487. CrossRef
Relationship between Clinical Nurses' Job Stress and Medication Safety Performance: Mediating Effect of Fatigue
Se Yeong Park, Hea Kung Hur
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(3): 283. CrossRef
A Study on Factors Affecting Near Misses by Nurses in Small-Medium Sized Hospitals
San-Na Lee, Seon-Ha Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(2): 75. CrossRef
Impact of Hospital Nurses’ Perception on Clinical Alarms and Patient Safety Culture on Alarm Management Practice
Soo-Joung Lee, Yun-Mi Lee, Eun Ji Seo, Youn-Jung Son
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(8): 4018. CrossRef
Factors causing medication errors in an electronic reporting system
Seonhee Yoon, Kyeongyae Sohng
Nursing Open.2021; 8(6): 3251. CrossRef

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Usefulness of Korean Version of Behavioral Cue Checklist for Predicting of Patient Violence in Emergency Departments: Jang Mi Kim, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(3):289-297. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.289

Abstract PDF: Abstract Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a behavioral cue checklist (BCC) containing 17 items developed by Wilkes et al. (2010) for identifying potentially violent patients in emergency departments.
Methods
This was a prospective observational study to evaluate the usefulness of the Korean version of a BCC (K-BCC) as an assessment tool for predicting patient violence in emergency departments, and was conducted over 4 weeks in a regional emergency medical center located in B City. A total of 1,324 patients were finally analyzed.
Results
Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate whether each item of the K-BCC predicts violence, and a parsimonious set of 8 statistically significant items was selected for the tool. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the BCC showed that the area under the curve was .97 (95% confidence interval: .94~1.0). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value at the cut-off score of 2 were 75.6%, 98.9%, 68.2%, and 99.2%, respectively.
Conclusion
The K-BCC was found to be useful in predicting patient violence toward emergency department staff. This tool is simple, and fast to use and can play a significantly role identifying potentially violent patients. Owing to this advance identification, this tool can be helpful in preventing the potential for violence from manifesting as violent behaviors.

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Validity and Reliability of ARQ-K (Korean Version of the Assault Response Questionnaire) for Emergency Department Nurses in Korea: Moon Jung Jang, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):544-553. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.544

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean Version of the Assault Response Questionnaire (ARQ-K) measuring the intensity of reaction to victimization of emergency nurses in Korea.

Methods

An internal consistency reliability and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using SPSS WIN (20.0) and AMOS (20.0). Survey data were collected from 321 nurses who worked in 3 levels - wide regional emergency centers, regional emergency centers, appointed emergency centers - of emergency care facilities in Busan, Korea.

Results

The Cronbach's alpha values regarding internal consistency were .77~.93 for the subscales of ARQ-K. Factor loadings of the 26 items on the four subscales ranged from .59 to .84. The four-subscale model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (χ²/df=3.85, p < .001, RMR=.06, GFI=.80, NFI=.81, TLI=.83, CFI=.85, RMSEA=.09).

Conclusion

This study shows that the Korean Version of the Assault Response Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument to assess nurses' reaction to victimization of emergency nurses in Korea.

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The Influence of Violence Experience, Violence Response and Coping with Violence on Professional Quality of Life among Emergency Department Nurses
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 91. CrossRef
High-Risk Symptom Cluster Groups for Work-Life Quality and Turnover Intention among Nurses
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Effects of Clinical Nurses' Responses to Violence on Burnout: The Moderating Role of Positive Psychological Capital
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Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(4): 406. CrossRef
Experience of Violence and Factors Influencing Response to Violence Among Emergency Nurses in South Korea: Perspectives on Stress-Coping Theory
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Verbal violence and turnover intention among new nurses in Korea: A time‐lagged survey
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Effects of Hospital-Based Violence-Prevention and Coping Programs on Nurses' Violence Experience, Violence Responses, Self-Efficacy, and Organizational Commitment
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 550. CrossRef
Investigating the moderating effects of multi group on safety performance: The case of civil aviation
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Case Studies on Transport Policy.2019; 7(2): 477. CrossRef
The Moderating Effect of Social Support on the Relationship between Violence Experiences and Violence Responses of Psychiatric Nurses
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Experience of Violence from the Clients and Coping Methods Among Intensive Care Unit Nurses Working in a Hospital in South Korea
Hye Jin Yoo, Eunyoung E. Suh, Soon Haeng Lee, Jin Hee Hwang, Ji Hye Kwon
Asian Nursing Research.2018; 12(2): 77. CrossRef
Mediating Effect of Resilience on the Association between Violence Experience and Violence Response among Nurses
Cheol Jeong, Eun Nam Lee
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(1): 41. CrossRef
Hardiness Mediates Stress and Impact Level in ED Nurses Who Experienced a Violent Event
Jin Hee Park, Eun Nam Lee, Kyung Ran Kong, Moon Jung Jang
Journal of Emergency Nursing.2017; 43(6): 539. CrossRef
Convergent approach of phenomenological methodology about Emergency Nurses' experience of hospital violence
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Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(5): 63. CrossRef

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The Reactions of Emergency Department Nurses to Violence: Q-Methodological Approach: Eun Young Park, Ji Min Seo, Hyeon Ok Ju, Eun Nam Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(5):762-771. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.5.762

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the reactions of emergency department nurses to violence.

Methods

Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty emergency department nurses classified 33 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the Quanl PC Program.

Results

Three types of reactions to violence were identified. The first type(emotional and physical reactions) showed a sense of regret on the selection of an occupation and emotional and physical reactions such as anxiety, fear, depression, hopelessness, heart palpitations and trembling hands due to the violence. The second type(problem solving) actively coped to prevent the occurrence of violence, grasped the causes of violence and sought out a problem solving plan. The third type(anger reactions) felt a lot of anger against violence, and resented their reality of working under conditions of inadequately secured facilities and systems.

Conclusion

The emotional and physical reactions type and the anger reactions type should be required to attend educational programs to improve attitudes and abilities to solve the problems in a more active and positive manner.

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Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 290. CrossRef
Experiences of violence, burnout and job satisfaction in Korean nurses in the emergency medical centre setting
Hee Sook Yoon, Sohyune R Sok
International Journal of Nursing Practice.2016; 22(6): 596. CrossRef
Convergent approach of phenomenological methodology about Emergency Nurses' experience of hospital violence
Young-Hee Jeong
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(5): 63. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Burnout in Emergency Room Nurses
Hee-Young Jung, Sun-Ok Kim, In-Sook Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(1): 1. CrossRef
Predictors of Violent Behavior by Patient or Caregiver of Patient in the Emergency Department
Eun Young Park, Eun-Nam Lee
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2014; 26(5): 500. CrossRef
Coping Styles toward Hospital Violence in Clinical Nurses: An Application of Q Methodology
Eunho Ha, Jinyoung Cho
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(3): 263. CrossRef

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The Attitudes of Nurses Toward Transsexuals: Eun Nam Lee, Ji Min Seo, Hyeon Ok Ju, Young Sun Song, Dong Mei Lee, Bok Nam Lee, Sun Mi Shin, Yeon Hee Ju, Ok Hee Choi, Yeong Hee Heo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(7):1242-1252. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.7.1242

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the attitude of nurses toward transsexuals.
Method
The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Twenty-nine nurses classified the 50 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the Quanl PC program.
Result
Four types of attitudes toward transsexuals were identified. The first type (humanitarian acceptance) showed an attitude of respecting transsexuals as human beings and understanding and accepting their desires and difficulties. The second type (superficial understanding) understood the psychological conflicts and suffering of transsexuals but could not accept them as members of families or society. The third type (insufficient understanding) did not feel a sense of rejection toward transsexuals but showed a lack of understanding of their desires and difficulties. The fourth type (rejection) failed to understand the desires and difficulties of transsexuals and showed a sense of rejection toward them, in addition to regarding them as sexually immoral people.
Conclusion
The results of the study indicate that different approaches of educational programs based on the four types of attitudes toward transsexuals are recommended.

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Influence of Lifetime Sports Activity Based on a Ground Reaction Force on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adults: Eun Nam Lee, Mary Kathleen Clark; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(3):621-630. Published online June 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.3.621

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively describe the childhood sports activity level of Korean adult men and women and to determine whether a higher level of childhood sports activity was positively associated with adult bone mineral density.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 100 Korean men (n=40) and women (n=60) was completed. Participants completed a detailed lifetime sports activity questionnaire and had their bone mineral density of the femur and lumbar spine measured using dual energy x-ray densitometry (DEXA). All sports activities were classified into four categories of peak strain score on the basis of ground reaction forces (GRF).

Results

During the age of high school, women and men who participated in a high intensity sports activity demonstrated higher bone density in the femur site after adjustment for the effects of body weight, fat body mass, lean body mass, the level of calcium intake, and breast feeding period than those who did not participate in sports activity at all.

Conclusion

These results highlight the need to participate in high intensity sports activity during high school age as a means of increasing peak bone mass in the femur site.

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The Relationship between Lifetime Sports Activity Measured with MET and Peak Strain Score and Bone Measurement in College-aged Women
Eun-Nam Lee, Eun Jung Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 667. CrossRef

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The Effects of Tai Chi Exercise Program on Blood Pressure, Total Cholesterol and Cortisol Level in Patients with Essential Hypertension: Eun Nam Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):829-837. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.829

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 6-week Tai Chi exercise program on reducing blood pressure for hypertensive patients.

Method

A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Participants were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan, Korea. Twenty-eight hypertensive patients participated in this study. Among them, fourteen were in the experimental group and the rest are in the control group. Members in the experimental group participated in a 6- week program of Tai Chi exercise. In order to evaluate the effects of the Tai Chi program, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and cortisol level were measured before and after week 6.

Result

After the 6-week Tai Chi program, there were significant differences in systolic pressure (t=-3.13, p= .004) and diastolic blood pressure (t=-4.75, p= .000) in the experimental group when compared to the control group. However there were no significant differences in the total cholesterol (t=1.07, p=.294) and cortisol level (F=1.35, p= .256).

Conclusion

These results suggest that a 6-week Tai Chi program can be utilized as an effective nursing program to reduce blood pressure for hypertensive patients.

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The Journal of Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Science.2021; 28(3): 76. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Tai Chi on quality of life, depressive symptoms and physical function among community-dwelling older adults with chronic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yu Ting Choo, Ying Jiang, Jingfang Hong, Wenru Wang
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2020; 111: 103737. CrossRef
Tai Chi for Essential Hypertension
Jie Wang, Bo Feng, Xiaochen Yang, Wei Liu, Fei Teng, Shengjie Li, Xingjiang Xiong
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
The Effects of Hypertension Self-help Program on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Self-efficacy, Self-management Compliance and Physiological Parameters in Workers
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Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2012; 21(1): 1. CrossRef
Tai chi for lowering resting blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review
Myeong Soo Lee, Eun‐Nam Lee, Jong‐In Kim, Edzard Ernst
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.2010; 16(4): 818. CrossRef
Managing cardiovascular risks with Tai Chi in people with coronary artery disease
In Sook Park, Rhayun Song, Kyong Ok Oh, Hee Young So, Dal Sook Kim, Jong Im Kim, Tae Sook Kim, Hyun Li Kim, Suk Hee Ahn
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2010; 66(2): 282. CrossRef
Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Quality of Life in Post-menopausal Women
Rhayun Song, Sukhee Ahn, Hee Young So, In Sook Park, Hyun Li Kim, Kyung Ok Joo, Jong Sung Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(1): 136. CrossRef

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The Influencing Factors of the Compliance Level with Therapeutic Regimen after the Bone Mineral Densitometry: Young Won Yoo, Eun Nam Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(1):63-71. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.1.63

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to identify the influencing factors of the compliance level to a therapeutic regimen after a bone mineral densitometry test.

Method

The sample for the study was 95 people who took the bone mineral densitometry test from March, 2002 to July, 2002. Data was collected by mail using aself reporting questionnaire on the selected variables such as the compliance level, self efficacy, health locus of control, susceptibility, severity, usefulness, barrier, and self esteem.

Result

The average compliance level was 63.93. Through multiple regression, three independent variables including chance health locus of control on personality, the result of bone mineral density and self-efficacy were entered in the model as the significant determinants of the compliance level after a bone mineral densitometry test. The coefficients of determination of each variable were 10.9%, 8.3% and 8.1% respectively.

Conclusion

The identification of the determinants of the compliance level to the therapeutic regimen after bone mineral densitometry is expected to contribute to the development of an intervention program to improve the compliance level to the therapeutic regimen in osteoporosis patients.

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A Study of Factors Influencing the Bone Mineral Density on Premenopausal Women: Using the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
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The Relationship of Bone Mineral Densities and Period of Breast feeding in Premenopausal Women: Eun Nam Lee, Eun Ok Lee, Gwang Hae Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(1):29-38. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.1.29

Abstract PDF

To determine whether personal history of lactation in premenopausal women influence bone mineral density, a cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred eighty-four premenopausal women were selected from women who had been checked for bone mineral density by dual energy x-ray absortiometry in lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanteric site at general hospitals in Seoul and Pusan. They completed a questionnaire including life style factors and reproductive history. In the data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients were used to test any association between individual variables and bone mineral density and a statistical comparisons between long term lactation(>24 months) and short term lactation(<24 months) were made by one way analysis of covariance. The results were summarized as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in the bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae in premenopausal women between the long term lactation group(>24months) and the short term lactation group(<24months). 2) There was no significant difference in the bone mineral density of the femur neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanteric site in premenopausal women between the long term lactation group (>24months) and the short term lactation group (<24months). Considering these results, we suggest prospective studies that measure bone mineral density before and after, in addition to those during lactation. We also suggest the further study with premenopausal women less than 35 who have achieved peak adult bone mass.

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Uncomfortable Breast Experiences of Breast feeding Mothers
노승옥, Insook Park, 조광남
Qualitative Research.2012; 13(2): 131. CrossRef
The Role of Salicornia herbacea in Ovariectomy-Induced Oxidative Stress
Bae Jin Ha, Sang Hun Lee, Hee Jin Kim, Jin Young Lee
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin.2006; 29(7): 1305. CrossRef

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Resourcefulness: A Concept Analysis: Soon Rim Suh, Young Im Park, Sung Jae Kim, In Ja Kim, Mee Ock Gu, Young Hee Yang, Eun Nam Lee, Song Ja Park, Eun Ok Choi, Dong Suk Lee, In Sook Lee, Eun Ok Lee; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(2):329-340. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.2.329

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Resourcefulness was analyzed by Walker and Avant's method to make a theoretical framework for nursing. Also, the appropriate Korean terminology was identified. "Resourcefulness" means the ability to use internal and external resources to eliminate or to control stress. 'Resourcefulness' is chosen to be the most appropriate term to reflect the concept of resourcefulness. Upon the concept analysis availability, controllability, confidence, and self-instruction were identified as the defining characteristics of resourcefulness. Contrary to other work, "availability" means the ability to use the social resources as well as the internal cognitive-behavioral resources. "Controllability" means the ability to delay or control immediate gratification of one's needs or to divert one's own mood in order to solve problem. "Confidence" is the self-efficacy belief in one's control ability. "Self-instruction" is the cognitive ability to instruct oneself positively. Resourcefulness is learned by active experience, vicarious experience, and formal or informal instruction or a need for change. As a result of the use of resourcefulness, the target behavior performed immediately and ultimately improve the quality of life or adaptation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the instrument including the defining attributes identified in this study. Also, it is necessary to simultaneously analyze the related concepts of self-efficacy, self-control, and self-regulation for appropriate use.

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Concept analysis of end-of-life care competency of long-term-care-hospital nurses: Using a hybrid model
Sookyeon Son, Mi-Kyeong Jeon
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(1): 19. CrossRef

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The Relationship Between Hardiness and Psychosocial Adjustment of Persons With a Colostomy: Eun Nam Lee; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1991;21(2):218-229. Published online March 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1991.21.2.218

Abstract PDF: The problem addressed by this study were to explore the effect of hardiness on psychosocial adjustment of persons with a colostomy and to identify factors which influence that psychosocial adjustment. The purpose was to suggest a theoretical base for the planning of supportive nursing interventions to increase the level of adjustment. Among members of the Korea Ostomy Association, 34 subjects who had undergone colostomy from March, 1990 to March, 1991 were selected as the sample. Data were collected from April 8 to May 8, 1991 using a mailed questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the Health-Related Hardiness Scale(Pollock, 1984) and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale(Derogatis, 1975). ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepswise Multiple Regression were used for data analysis. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. Hardiness was significantly related to psychosocial adjustment(p=0.009). That is, the higher the hardiness, the higher the level of psychosocial adjustment. 2. Among the demographic variables, only economic level was significantly related to the level of psychosocial adjustment(p=0.005). 3. The important factors influencing the level of psychosocial adjustment of persons with a colostomy were economic level, commitment, challenge(subconcepts of hardiness). Therefore, in order to increase the level of the psychosocial adjustment, it might be helpful to provide them with hardiness training to strengthen their commitment and their challenge.

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