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Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the COVID Stress Scale
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Demirgöz Bal Meltem, Dişsiz Melike, Bayri Bingöl Fadime
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(5):525-536. Published online October 31, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21106
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 Abstract
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- Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the Turkish adaptation of the COVID Stress Scale (CSS) on the basis of determining the stress caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, and to test its validity and reliability.
Methods
The English CSS was translated into Turkish using forward and backward translation. Data were collected online from 360 participants. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and content validity. Pearson product-moment correlation, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, and test-retest methods were used to evaluate reliability.
Results
The Turkish version of the CSS has 36 items consistent with the original scale and has five factors: COVID danger and contamination, socioeconomic consequences of COVID, COVID xenophobia, traumatic stress due to COVID, and compulsive checking for COVID. The construct validity of the Turkish version of the CSS was verified by the adjusted goodness of fit index > .85, and comparative fit index > .95. The content validity index of each item was 91%. The corrected item-total correlations of the scale ranged from .51 to .89. Internal consistency was reliable, with a Cronbach’s α of .93.
Conclusion
The Turkish version of the CSS is valid and reliable. It can be used as a measurement tool for the assessment of COVID-related stress.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Psychometric evaluation and item response theory analysis of the COVID Stress Scales in an older adult population
Kylie A. Arsenault, Ying C. MacNab, Gordon J. G. Asmundson, Thomas Hadjistavropoulos
Aging & Mental Health.2025; 29(4): 726. CrossRef - The long-term impact of the covid-19 pandemic on patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Büşra Uçar Bostan, Cana Aksoy Poyraz, Beril Kara Esen, Nazife Gamze Usta Sağlam
Medicine.2025; 104(7): e41562. CrossRef - Is there evidence for factorial invariance of the COVID Stress Scales? an analysis of North American and cross-cultural populations
Blake A. E. Boehme, Laura Kinsman, Steven Taylor, Gordon J. G. Asmundson
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Psychometric properties of a brief version of the COVID‐19 Stress Scales (CSS‐B) in young adult undergraduates
Tabatha Thibault, Kara Thompson, Matthew Keough, Marvin Krank, Patricia Conrod, Mackenzie Moore, Sherry H. Stewart
Stress and Health.2023; 39(1): 154. CrossRef - Pandemi Sonrası Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinde Covid-19 Stres Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi
Elif PAKLACI, Elif KAYA AYDOĞDU, Besey ÖREN
Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi.2023; 27(3): 138. CrossRef - Initial translation and validation of the Brief Version of the COVID-19 Stress Scales (CSS-B)
Razieh Bandari, Majideh Heravi- Karimooi, Mahsa Tebyanian, Hossein Shahcheragh
Payesh (Health Monitor) Journal.2023; 22(5): 617. CrossRef - Does COVID-19 related symptomatology indicate a transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric disorder? - Multidisciplinary implications
Sari Goldstein Ferber, Gal Shoval, Gil Zalsman, Aron Weller
World Journal of Psychiatry.2022; 12(8): 1004. CrossRef - The adaption of the Chinese version of the COVID Stress Scales as a screening instrument of stress: Psychometric properties during the COVID-19 pandemic
Lu Xia, Qiaoping Lian, Haibo Yang, Daxing Wu
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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